NVIDIA Sets 104-Qubit Fault-Tolerant Quantum Simulation Record on JUPITER Supercomputer at Jülich

NVIDIA and the Jülich Supercomputing Centre have set a new record by simulating a 104-qubit fault-tolerant quantum computer on the JUPITER supercomputer, the first exascale-class machine in Europe. The achievement marks a significant milestone in using classical high-performance computing hardware to model quantum systems at a scale not previously reached.

The simulation underscores the critical role of memory architecture and GPU-accelerated classical hardware in advancing quantum computing research. JUPITER's heterogeneous CPU-GPU design, built around NVIDIA technology, enabled the team to push the simulation boundary well beyond the 50-qubit threshold that earlier collaborative work between Jülich and NVIDIA researchers had demonstrated. By reaching 104 logical qubits in a fault-tolerant configuration, the effort shows that classical supercomputers can serve as a testbed for validating quantum error-correction approaches before physical quantum hardware reaches comparable scale.

The record simulation was run using NVIDIA's CUDA-Q platform, which provides tooling for hybrid classical-quantum workflows. The result reinforces NVIDIA's strategy of positioning its GPU infrastructure and software stack as indispensable to the quantum computing development pipeline, even as physical quantum processors continue to mature.